Last Updated: August 2026
This legal notice sets out the legal terms and conditions for using this website.
The content of this website is provided for general informational purposes only.
Nothing on this website constitutes legal advice, legal representation, consulting advice, expert opinion, or any other professional advice.
You should not act or refrain from acting based on information contained on this website without obtaining advice appropriate to your circumstances.
No Professional Relationship
a lawyer-client relationship,
a consultant-client relationship,
an expert witness engagement,
a fiduciary relationship, or
any other professional relationship.
Any professional engagement will arise only through, and according to ther terms of, an express written agreement.
Unless otherwise indicated, the content of this website, including text, graphics, publications, and original materials, is protected by applicable copyright and intellectual property laws.
Content may be viewed, downloaded, and shared for personal, educational, research, or non-commercial purposes with appropriate attribution.
Reasonable efforts are made to keep information current and accurate. However, no representation or warranty is made regarding the completeness, accuracy, reliability, or currency of any information on this website.
Views expressed in publications, media appearances, blog posts, and commentary reflect the author’s views at the time of publication and may evolve over time.
The views of the website and its operator and/or authors are personal and not necessarily the views of York University or other institutions. The website and its content are separate from the operator’s employers.
Links to external websites are provided solely for convenience and reference. Their inclusion does not imply endorsement or approval of their content.
To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the operator/s of this website shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising from the use of, or reliance upon, information contained on this website.
These legal terms are governed by the laws of Ontario, Canada, and applicable Canadian law.
Any disputes are subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts in Toronto, Canada.